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51.
为探索生物活性未知的双对苯醌(2,7-dihydroxy-3,6,9-trimethyl-9H-xanthene-1,4,5,8-tetraone,DTXT)的抗氧化活性,并提高其发酵产量,考察DTXT的还原力以及对超氧阴离子自由基、羟自由基、1,1-二苯基-2-三硝基苯肼(1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl,DPPH)自由基的清除效果,在单因素试验基础上,采用响应面法优化了DTXT产生菌瓶生顶孢霉(Acremonium cavaraeanum)CA022菌株的固体发酵培养基。结果表明:在200 μg/mL质量浓度下,DTXT的还原力与芦丁差异不显著,高于VE和2,6-二叔丁基-4甲基苯酚,对超氧阴离子自由基清除率达到67.00%,对羟自由基清除率达到78.83%,对DPPH自由基清除率达到76.53%。通过响应面试验,得到最佳培养基配方为葡萄糖0.773%、硝酸钠0.185%、H3BO3 0.032%、VB1 100 μg/100 g,在此条件下实际获得的DTXT产量为4 150.8 mg/kg,是优化前产量的(2 864.83 mg/kg)1.45 倍。 相似文献
52.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(27):13213-13225
The paper presents a technical, economic and environmental analyses of a chamber furnace used to heat the charge before forging. The energy efficiency of the furnace before the modernization was 18%, after the modernization it was 31% (partial modernization due to large financial outlays). Other variants were also analysed: complete modernization, the variant of furnace modernization with 30% hydrogen content in the gas and the variant with 100% hydrogen as fuel. The analyses showed that with the current gas price (0.025 EUR/kWh) and the price of emission allowances (nearly 60 EUR/MgCO2) and 100 cycles/year, the difference in Net Present Value (NPV) before base variant and partial modernization is around 900,000 EUR and before base variant and full modernization is 1,200,000 EUR. The introduction of the gas and 30% of hydrogen co-combustion option versus the base scenario option for 150 cycles per year results in a NPV difference of at least 2 million EUR. The option of 100% hydrogen as a fuel is the most advantageous from the point of view of reducing CO2 emissions - it is largely influenced by the rising prices of CO2 emission allowances. 相似文献
53.
高面板坝的变形对面板的安全运行有着特别重要的影响,国内外已建的高面板坝工程中,因坝体变形大导致防渗面板挤压破损,坝体渗漏量大的实例较多,不得不降低水库水位进行修复处理,造成较大的经济损失乃至给大坝的长期运行留下安全隐患。通过发生挤压破损的实例分析,发现变形控制缺乏系统性是发生面板挤压破损的主要因素,为预防面板破损,系统提出了“控制坝体总变形,转化有害变形,适应纵向变形”的坝体变形控制方法,并在使用软硬岩混合料筑坝的董箐面板堆石坝中得到的应用,取得了良好效果,该工程运行至今达十余年,未见面板有挤压破损迹象,该方法对建设200 m以上乃至300 m级超高面板坝具有重要借鉴意义。 相似文献
54.
为研究低压静电场辅助冷冻对竹笋冻结特性的影响,以冻结曲线、硬度、水分损失率、水分迁移、冰晶形态和组织微观结构为指标,探究低压静电场辅助冷冻(-35 ℃)和普通冷冻(-35 ℃)条件下竹笋品质的变化规律。结果表明:低压静电场辅助冷冻提高了冻结效率,改变了冰晶形态及分布,减轻了组织微观结构破损程度,改善了解冻汁液流失情况。与静电板间距10、20、30、40 cm处的冷冻竹笋解冻后水分损失率分别为14.16%、12.58%、9.73%、10.44%,显著低于对照组(21.01%)(P<0.05),硬度分别为461.19、507.48、496.65 g和455.31 g,显著高于对照组(350.70 g)(P<0.05)。低场核磁共振分析结果表明,在低压静电场辅助冷冻下竹笋解冻后汁液流失减少,扫描电子显微镜观察结果显示,竹笋纤维排列整齐,组织微观结构保持较好。低压静电场辅助冷冻可有效改善竹笋品质,可为利用低压静电场进行果蔬的冷冻贮藏和冷链运输提供参考。 相似文献
55.
《Advanced Powder Technology》2022,33(11):103627
Naringin (NAR), a major flavanone (FVA) glycoside, is a component of food mainly obtained from grapefruit. We used NAR as a food additive to improve the solubility and permeability of hydrophobic polyphenols used as supplements in the food industry. The spray-dried particles (SDPs) of NAR alone show an amorphous state with a glass transition temperature (Tg) at 93.2 °C. SDPs of hydrophobic polyphenols, such as flavone (FVO), quercetin (QCT), naringenin (NRG), and resveratrol (RVT) were prepared by adding varying amounts of NAR. All SDPs of hydrophobic polyphenols with added NAR were in an amorphous state with a single Tg, but SDPs of hydrophobic polyphenols without added NAR showed diffraction peaks derived from each crystal. The SDPs with NAR could keep an amorphous state after storage at a high humidity condition for one month, except for SDPs of RVT/NAR. SDPs with NAR enhanced the solubility of hydrophobic polyphenols, especially NRG solubility, which was enhanced more than 9 times compared to NRG crystal. The enhanced solubility resulted in the increased membrane permeability of NRG. The antioxidant effect of the hydrophobic NRG was also enhanced by the synergetic effect of NAR. The findings demonstrated that NAR could be used as a food additive to enhance the solubility and membrane permeability of hydrophobic polyphenols. 相似文献
56.
Sinan Zhang Yadonga Zhao Xueshuang Yao Zhenhong Zheng Chuyao Zheng Zhuo Jiang 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2022,57(7):4245-4253
Ripe carambolas are hard to store and transport, while freeze-dried ones are easy to store. However, its long production time leads to higher costs. This study shows that high hydrostatic pressure (HHP) treatment could shorten the freeze-drying time of carambola slices. After HHP treatment (25–250 MPa), the drying time of the fresh sample can be shortened by 33.3–44.4% and the distribution of water and pigment in tissues is much uniform. With the increment of the pressure, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and hydroxyl radical scavenging rate are increased. At 250 MPa, the total phenolic content (TPC) increased from 11.34 to 13.36 mg GAE g−1, and the total flavonoid content (TFC) of the control sample was increased from 10.77 to 12.73 mg RE g−1. Compared with the untreated sample, HHP treatment can enhance the flavour and shorten the freeze-drying time. This work guides the application of HHP technology for drying food processing. 相似文献
57.
Weiyu Bi Panfeng Zhang Xiangrui Du Wei Lü Shitou Wang Tangying Yang Liping Ma Xiaochun Liu Haifeng Zhao Shaoran Ren 《Journal of surfactants and detergents》2022,25(3):387-398
Natural gas foam can be used for mobility control and channel blocking during natural gas injection for enhanced oil recovery, in which stable foams need to be used at high reservoir temperature, high pressure and high water salinity conditions in field applications. In this study, the performance of methane (CH4) foams stabilized by different types of surfactants was tested using a high pressure and high temperature foam meter for surfactant screening and selection, including anionic surfactant (sodium dodecyl sulfate), non-anionic surfactant (alkyl polyglycoside), zwitterionic surfactant (dodecyl dimethyl betaine) and cationic surfactant (dodecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride), and the results show that CH4-SDS foam has much better performance than that of the other three surfactants. The influences of gas types (CH4, N2, and CO2), surfactant concentration, temperature (up to 110°C), pressure (up to 12.0 MPa), and the presence of polymers as foam stabilizer on foam performance was also evaluated using SDS surfactant. The experimental results show that the stability of CH4 foam is better than that of CO2 foam, while N2 foam is the most stable, and CO2 foam has the largest foam volume, which can be attributed to the strong interactions between CO2 molecules with H2O. The foaming ability and foam stability increase with the increase of the SDS concentration up to 1.0 wt% (0.035 mol/L), but a further increase of the surfactant concentration has a negative effect. The high temperature can greatly reduce the stability of CH4-SDS foam, while the foaming ability and foam stability can be significantly enhanced at high pressure. The addition of a small amount of polyacrylamide as a foam stabilizer can significantly increase the viscosity of the bulk solution and improve the foam stability, and the higher the molecular weight of the polymer, the higher viscosity of the foam liquid film, the better foam performance. 相似文献
58.
采用气相色谱-离子迁移谱(gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry,GC-IMS)对洋葱浆馕6 种不同贮藏条件下挥发性物质进行分析,包括低温贮藏、室温贮藏、真空贮藏、脱氧贮藏、保鲜剂贮藏和保鲜剂结合脱氧贮藏。研究表明:在洋葱浆馕中共鉴定出66 种挥发性风味物质,其中包括醇类9 种、酮类4 种、醛类18 种、酯类4 种、呋喃衍生物3 种,酸类1 种和未能识别的化合物27 种。随着贮藏时间的延长,低温贮藏和真空贮藏洋葱浆馕在贮藏期内醛类挥发性有机物基本不变,其他处理组的醛类挥发性有机物在贮藏期内变化呈降低的趋势。结合主成分分析和欧氏距离可以发现低温贮藏和其他贮藏方式的第0天挥发性物质种类和浓度较为接近,主成分分析图中点的位置也相聚在一起,说明低温贮藏馕的挥发性物质变化不明显。该研究建立不同贮藏方式洋葱浆馕挥发性气味指纹图谱,可视化出洋葱浆馕挥发性成分轮廓,为洋葱浆馕贮藏期间风味变化规律提供信息。 相似文献
59.
Fangqing Wei Xiaoqi Zhang Jiayun Song Feng Yang 《International Transactions in Operational Research》2023,30(1):369-393
Evaluating the efficiency of healthcare services accurately can help in analyzing the rationality of inputs and outputs in such services. Considering the consistency and equity of assessment criteria, this study conducts the stochastic multicriteria acceptability analysis (SMAA-2) with a directional distance function to evaluate the efficiency of healthcare services in 31 provincial administrative regions of mainland China, as observed in 2018. We use SMAA-DDF to explore all the projection directions to the efficient frontier instead of a certain projection direction. We measure the maximum and average efficiencies for each of the 31 provincial healthcare services. Our empirical findings show that only seven provinces achieve optimal healthcare service efficiency; the eastern area performed the best, followed by the central, western, and northeast areas. Furthermore, the path along the projection directions is provided to help inefficient provinces improve their efficiency and obtain the best possible positions. 相似文献
60.
Cho-Yi Chen Masaoki Kawasumi Tien-Yun Lan Chi-Lam Poon Yi-Sian Lin Pin-Jou Wu Yao-Chung Chen Bing-Hong Chen Cheng-Hsien Wu Jeng-Fan Lo Rueyhung Roc Weng Yi-Chen Sun Kai-Feng Hung 《International journal of molecular sciences》2021,22(1)
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response is an adaptive program to cope with cellular stress that disturbs the function and homeostasis of ER, which commonly occurs during cancer progression to late stage. Late-stage cancers, mostly requiring chemotherapy, often develop treatment resistance. Chemoresistance has been linked to ER stress response; however, most of the evidence has come from studies that correlate the expression of stress markers with poor prognosis or demonstrate proapoptosis by the knockdown of stress-responsive genes. Since ER stress in cancers usually persists and is essentially not induced by genetic manipulations, we used low doses of ER stress inducers at levels that allowed cell adaptation to occur in order to investigate the effect of stress response on chemoresistance. We found that prolonged tolerable ER stress promotes mesenchymal–epithelial transition, slows cell-cycle progression, and delays the S-phase exit. Consequently, cisplatin-induced apoptosis was significantly decreased in stress-adapted cells, implying their acquisition of cisplatin resistance. Molecularly, we found that proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) ubiquitination and the expression of polymerase η, the main polymerase responsible for translesion synthesis across cisplatin-DNA damage, were up-regulated in ER stress-adaptive cells, and their enhanced cisplatin resistance was abrogated by the knockout of polymerase η. We also found that a fraction of p53 in stress-adapted cells was translocated to the nucleus, and that these cells exhibited a significant decline in the level of cisplatin-DNA damage. Consistently, we showed that the nuclear p53 coincided with strong positivity of glucose-related protein 78 (GRP78) on immunostaining of clinical biopsies, and the cisplatin-based chemotherapy was less effective for patients with high levels of ER stress. Taken together, this study uncovers that adaptation to ER stress enhances DNA repair and damage tolerance, with which stressed cells gain resistance to chemotherapeutics. 相似文献